CHAPTER 3 : PUMPS


3.1 DEFINISI
•       Pam adalah sebuah peralatan mekanikal yang menggerakkan cecair dari satu tempat ke satu tempat dengan cara meningkatkan tekanan cecair untuk mengatasi kesan geseran, graviti dan tekanan system beroperasi.
3.2 CLASSIFICATION OF PUMP
  1. POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT
•       ROTARY
•       RECIPROCATING

 2.  CENTRIFUGAL
•       RADIAL FLOW
•       AXIAL FLOW
•       MIXED FLOW
3.3 MAIN COMPONENT CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
•       a)Impeller (with blades)
•       b)Casing (to keep the impeller)
•       c)Suction pipe (reservoir-pump)
•       d)Delivery pipe (pump-delivery point)
•       e)Valve (to control)
•       f)Motor (to rotate the impeller shaft)
3.3.1 CALCULATION 1
•       A centrifugal pump of 1.48 kW operates under a head of 15 m. It discharges oil at 3.6 m³/s. Calculate the power required and the efficiency of the pump. Given the density of oil is 1.15 kg/m3.
-𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒏∶
 𝑷𝒊=𝟏.𝟒𝟖 𝒌𝑾,𝑯=𝟏𝟓𝒎,𝑸=𝟑.𝟔𝒎𝟑𝒔,𝝆𝒐𝒊𝒍=𝟏.𝟏𝟓 𝒌𝒈/𝒎𝟑, 𝑷𝒐𝒖𝒕=𝝆𝒈𝑯𝑸=𝟏.𝟏𝟓×𝟗.𝟖𝟏×𝟏𝟓×𝟑.𝟔=𝟔𝟎𝟗.𝟐 𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒕 , 𝜼=𝑷𝒐𝒖𝒕𝑷𝒊𝒏×𝟏𝟎𝟎=𝟔𝟎𝟗.𝟐𝟏.𝟒𝟖×𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎×𝟏𝟎𝟎=𝟒𝟏%
3.4 HEADS OF PUMP

•       i.Suction head (hs) : It is the vertical height of the centre line of the centrifugal pump above the water surface in the tank or pump from which water is to be lifted. This height is also called suction lift and is denoted by ‘hs’.
•       ii.Delivery head (hd) : The vertical distance between the centre line of the pump and the water surface in the tank to which water is delivered is known as delivery head. This denoted by ‘hd’.
•       iii.Static head (Hs) : The sum of suction head and delivery head is known as static head. This is represented by ‘Hs’ and written as
•       Hs = hs + hd
3.4.1 SERIAL
•       Q series = QA = QB
•       H series = HA + HB
•       P series = PA + PB
3.4.2 PARALEL
•       H Parallel = HA = HB
•       Q Parallel = QA + QB
•       P Parallel = PA + PB

 3.5 PUMP PERFORMANCE GRAPH

 3.5.1 HEAD FLOW PUMP PERFORMANCE








3.5.2 SERIES PUMP PERFORMANCE


3.5.3. PARALLEL PUMP PERFORMANCE




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